Diabetic Nephropathy Management
- Your 6 - Phase health Process
Your Complete Diabetic Nephropathy Management Journey
👨⚕️ Phase 1: Symptom Identification
- Limit sodium to reduce fluid retention and BP
- Moderate protein intake (too much protein stresses the kidneys)
- Control carbohydrates to stabilize blood sugar
- Limit potassium and phosphorus (if levels are high)
- Avoid processed and salty foods
🧪 Phase 2: Diagnosis & Risk Assessment
- Urine test for microalbumin or protein
- HbA1c test to assess long-term blood sugar control
- Blood pressure measurements
- Retinal eye exam (since eye and kidney damage often occur together)
💊 Phase 3: Blood Sugar & Blood Pressure Control
- Oral antidiabetic drugs or insulin (as prescribed)
- ACE inhibitors or ARBs – to control blood pressure and reduce protein loss in urine
- Blood pressure goal: <130/80 mmHg
- Avoidance of nephrotoxic medications (e.g., NSAIDs)
- Statins – to manage cholesterol if elevated
🍽️ Phase 4: Diet & Nutritional Management
- Size and position of stone(s)
- Kidney anatomy and overall health
- Pre-anesthesia evaluation
- Preoperative instructions: fasting, medication adjustment, consent
- Informed consent with explanation of procedure, risks, and benefits
- Preoperative preparation: fasting, antibiotics, and hydration
🧘♀️ Phase 5: Lifestyle Modification & Diabetes Education
- Regular physical activity (30 mins/day, 5 days/week)
- Weight management (especially if overweight)
- Smoking cessation and limiting alcohol
- Stress management (meditation, sleep, mental wellness)
- Foot and eye care to prevent complications
🔄 Phase 6: Monitoring & Long-Term Kidney Care
- Check HbA1c every 3 months
- Monitor urine protein levels and kidney function every 3–6 months
- Track blood pressure and blood sugar at home
- Adjust medications based on lab results
- Refer to a nephrologist if kidney function continues to decline
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Diabetic nephropathy is kidney damage caused by long-standing, uncontrolled diabetes. High blood sugar damages the tiny blood vessels (filters) in your kidneys, causing them to leak protein into the urine and gradually lose their ability to clean your blood.
Early stages may not cause noticeable symptoms. As the condition progresses, you may experience:
Swelling in your legs, ankles, or around your eyes
Foamy or bubbly urine (a sign of protein in urine)
Frequent urination, especially at night
Fatigue or weakness
Poor blood sugar control
Your doctor will do the following tests:
Urine test: Checks for albumin (a type of protein)
Blood tests: Creatinine, eGFR, and BUN to check kidney function
HbA1c test: Measures long-term blood sugar control
Blood pressure check
Cholesterol levels
You should have regular follow-up visits to:
Check kidney function every 3–6 months
Monitor HbA1c every 3 months
Review your medications and diet
Track progress and detect complications early
Yes, many people with early-stage diabetic nephropathy live long and active lives by:
Following a healthy lifestyle
Taking medications as prescribed
Working closely with their doctor or diabetes educator
Staying informed and committed to regular check-ups